the secret lives of the inside stops may 22nd on dw, the berlin, 90 years ago. on the 10th of may 1933 jam students through tens of thousands of books into a huge on fire right here, where i'm standing in the center fill in. in the that me next week it's been about an hour and that was just the beginning from hitler's rise to power to the hollow coast. and finally the destruction of central europe and the 2nd

world war. in this video, we will find out why the nazis and others for an folks. and we will show how the nazi book for any pace to wait for the killing of millions of people. the joseph douglas, hitler's minister for propaganda spoke of the debris of the past. that had to be very, what did you mean by that? that settled back to germany during the 1920 in the golden twenty's building was the 3rd largest city in the world and may be the most exciting cultural metropolis. the german film industry was driving and 1927 foot slaves movie metropolis storm deluxe offices. in 1928th,

the tolls break. sweet penny oprah thought it its success story that would spread around the world. and in 1929, eric maria remarks, best fella or quietly on the west in front would become one of the most successful gentlemen folk women swells were also changing. in the weimer republic, the 1st term and democracy women were allowed to vote and to choose their own profession. and something were extremely successful. like him got claimed as the scot, sheila, tennessee, the bones, all the same as riotous and building. female writers also were taking part in the minds of the rama republic they have the same discussions on the important issues of the time on the idea of a new liberal society like v, i must proceed in the weimar republic was not only kind of

a political movement but also we can see that in the different fields of arts, especially in writing, they weren't starting to find new ways to express ideas, but also to yeah, to experience different styles. but there was the dark side to the why my, we public us. well, the democratic system was not stable. people felt cheated by the peace treaty after the 1st world war, but include the tire reparation payments for germany. dual street crash of 1929, likewise hit the gentleman's heart. in 1942, nearly 6000000 to them and square unemployed. nazis and communists were fighting in the straits of phil in. it was the democracy, yet with a fatal lack of democrats. all of this let to hit list wise to power.

in january 1933, hitler became german chancellor. but the nazi who was also not stable, the knots immediately started to get rid of their enemies. the no, we're going to visit a very unique. he is in the center for persecuted arts and zoning and in the west of too many it focuses exclusively on artist who has been victims of terra and violence. here we're going to find out whose books have been burned and what happened to the office using direct to using comp, culture and to writer a bill to such a going to introduce us to artist silver hated by the nazis the

this account here in the center for persecuted arts. um there are displayed many, many also subaru, band and so many during the nazi periods. could you just give us an overview? who was, who, who were the artists were not. well come in germany anymore. on artist who were not in the so called fox command shift. so everybody who has not to nancy opinion was not accepted from the nazis. they declared who is in and who's out out where absolutely all the jews the on to come you this pause of the roots of the social democrats and all the people who were not common was not c sinking. also like against the actual fleet,

immediately lens and nazi's and came into power at the end of january 90. so 23, he escaped in the united from his flat. the nazis said we have to find a dentist total cause he is so against the nazis. so we have to, we have to catch him. he was a no, that's a liberal call me on this or left wing social democrats. and he wants to do and he was a person the enemy of how do i fit in his play? will town on change from 1923 told i had really killed hit to the rest of pied piper. and one of the dangerous a fried wing radicals. because today in germany, every citizen must think only of the nazi leader dictates. every book, not in line with nazi dot, from the works of liberal thinkers. the writings of all jews are, sees, confirmed, so thoroughly organized is not through domination of the individual. but there is

not a single job on the home of the escape bedroom. in every village in everett town and city are storm trooper from booths headquarters, the local party leader directed his district campaign instead of a box victim for persecution. this film created for us audience reenacted the terrible events that took place into him and he, in the spring of 1973, the next one to work as an artist, as an also so vision as a musician, r, as in an extra you have to be member also heis good to come on. the nazis is nice clue to a come up. told all of the cultural lice and nazi germany. lots, he's decided who is in that ice. come on, come on. what's not in the device, go to a come on. if you're not into that ice crew to come out, you were not allow the to work officially in the dodge of size as an artist,

the cultural elite of the why more republic was out. so you could not publish, you could not go into a stage on a theater. you cannot walk in the movie. you could not be exhibited in museum, are in the gallery or something us the in the showcase. this works and documented select listed writers, a display in may 1933 more than 200 also were on blacklist and 51934, but blacklist included more than 3500 words. the nazis tried to erase the memory of the whole generation of german rights, and among them were many women who had just started to gain political equality and

career opportunities. now the tide had turned. what was the, i do women in the eyes of the nazis mother and mother to many, many children. and that was this. so women have to be supportive of the men. and the idea of the rights, which was yes, reading german children all over a big in germany and women like as an special ed did not at all fit in that but no of course not enough to shoot up was the gym and jewish poets and play right, a leading seaman artist of german expressionists and a definitely personality. she was divorced twice she had a son, was not born in one of her marriages, but she was very individualistic. she was very independent and, and of course, she took her agency. she took the room,

she really spread the ideas of yeah, the liberty of empowerment. but also she was, was kind of a queer artist, even though she was like, she was not a queer person, but she was performing gender and she was courageous. and a place you that extra say these proof projects lines the counselors, many, many of those programs and they canceled her, her play out with all the most. so that was in march 1933, and she had to escape because she was detached by members of the as in the streets in berlin. what happened to is alaska, sheila, after she had to leave germany, she 1st went in switzerland and from then she travels a bit. and then she came to palestine and and 1945. she died in jerusalem toner,

hips as person. an enemy lived as an excellent in the united states and 1939. he was bankrupt and depressed. he carried all the time slick of all presumably suitcase. and this was a moment when you can decide that this is my last a possibility to be free to make the decision to go out of this life. and this is a disaster ending, but this is the ending of ends total and it fits completely to us to this red color . and consequently, he was one of many persecuted artists who committed suicide over killed. like right to call for not yet steve died and nazi arrest or eric moves um, who was killed in a concentration come. what was happening in germany was no secret on may 10th, 1933 more than 100000 people protested in u. s. cities against hitler,

american books, by the way, web burned on this day to like works by optim, saint clair and ernest hemingway a us national icon reacted as well. the desk lined wide to helen keller. she wrote an open letter to the nazi organize us of the book, burning, saying, history has taught you nothing. if you think you can kill ideas, tyrants have tried to do that often before. and the ideas have risen up and they might end destroy them actually being born under nazi who she might not even have survive childhood denazi's racial hygiene program was responsible for killing hundreds of thousands of disabled persons. good . ready finish this chain book shelves are located on the ground. they controlled around 20000 folks about as many as the nazis frontier in 1933. today,

this empty library as a memorial site, created by ease really, artist misha, omen. books are incredibly powerful. every also retiree and regime fits them and no story proves that better than this one. now, if any of you guys ever seen one of these bad things for real we burned almost every physical book in the country. some of the time you guys grow up there won't be one book. burdett ray bradbury wrote the dist tokyo novel in 1953 in spite. it's either not simple. is this 6 past mr. trans? your an expert on the subject of the book or any language, why did the nazis actually burn books? they could have just found them by the time and by then they did both of them, but i know that's when the book burning took place here in berlin. and many other

places in germany, the book bands had already begun for the things i knew that these are the herds of libraries had begun in february, march 1933. and 11 board is here in berlin. and indexing committee was set up under the leadership of books cunningham. i'm going to search the catalogues for so called about hostile literature and you'll find that and that's what, that's what i'm, what was the meaning of the fire as it as well? yeah, it's yeah. fire is traditionally a simple that stands not only for destruction, but also in a certain way for read you the nation on can give us otherwise. i'll fill you in the national socialists and also worked with this symbolism and this metaphor. i'm the not to neither tennis off the opposite. the orchestration of the book burnings in 1933 is reminiscent of religious ceremonies. typical snouts, the events unplugged

them and radio listeners could follow the report life. the radio was one of the most important propaganda tools of the nazi regime and propaganda was used to both intimidate and entertain. with one goal in mind, total control, one of the people what type of art and literature was permitted was decided by the so called dwight ministry of public enlightenment and propaganda headed by jones's goals. hit loose closest collide will have propaganda. so propaganda minister, joseph gunnar, sold at the pool. burnings, not as of the com. no,

that was done on the part of the german student union initiative. you following the anti jewish boy called at 1933. they drew up a plan that they wanted to tie in directly with this action of the boy called up the jews. and they set up their own campaign which was called action against the and german spirit that started on april 13th with the dissemination of the poster against the german spirit. he owned a car with 12 deeply anti semitic, the seats and so keeps on to the musician colorado, then applicable to on the what do students today think about that. dylan davis studies lloyd buildings who mode university, which is located right on the side of the book burnings. i knew about the book bindings i was, i think everyone has studies at the german high school. so i'm not aware of what happened. um, but when i started studying here took about 2 or 3 weeks until i actually realized

this is why books provide literature. i'll respond. so that was a 1st, a kind of shocking experience. we comp forgotten about the book bindings. why not random events started by the nazis. they were organized by students of the faculty of law. they were support this by professors of this faculty. and that part of history is not being addressed within building on the location of the ninety's. and you've heard 3 of the book burnings, dylan and others want to make this more visible. they are putting together a special exhibition with biographies of people who were forced to leave the university. i think for me it was touching to see the viruses of women because they could just start to um, to work as

a lawyer in the 19 twenty's 22. and just like after 10 years or something it was over. i can see that you all of the remove of the topics. do you probably have any family background like a jewish ancestors who had to leave university? i think for me is the other way around. so i know that to at least 2 of my great grandfather select nazis. i have been in the ss, and i think i saw the fest have that this have encouraged me to reflect and not sit around and try to remember those that have been prosecuted and then to couldn't lift, get on with that live soft of us just like a my great grandsons, grand margaret grandfather did so for me it was the familiar background was a motivation to get into the topic. but just the other way around in the city of

cologne, in the west of to many, some of the young people are researching, not see victims to this is the headquarters of the cologne fall, atkins, but not the football team. falcons. the plugins are, would tillman's socialist youth organization with the history of more than a century. during the nazi regime, the follicles have been prohibited and persecuted. some fall can members are going to tell us more about it. and about their project on book burnings. literally in shot money is 20 years old and belongs to a project group that is preparing a remembrance event in cologne. which was this project is that we remember our says, our past and the, the start use of our organization. but also to tell the story about a fight against terrorism and but also

a culture of active sex with you that was destroyed like in addition to jews, socialists and communists were the main enemies of the nazis. many of them had to flee to many were breasted, or even killed several. and can you tell me a little bit about the codes that you're planning on the book? read like to perform a combination of reading texts, all the comforts of this time and the treating the reading of the text. we sing songs that are important for the

fine. 1934 more than 3500 books were on the nazis blacklist. many persecuted, also as had already left germany to come and which doesn't like what was it like an everyday life? did people read the blacklisted books and the way what symbolism and provide provide in the private arena? these books were still found on people shelves. but of course, paperwork cautious when visitors came calling in prove that they preferred to hide them away. but people continue to read them privately. can people take and public libraries they've disappeared completely assisting. that's an either or less named with indexing and blacklist spots. and the nazi succeeded in making these books no longer accessible or avail level in bookstores underneath crisis. yeah, that's what they actually succeeded in making a large part of these authors date into oblivion. and i think is, i think, i guess i'm i'm, i'm fine. so that's in the snack month, on the ad, for example. then the famous us good evening on those books were also burned here with them. he returned from exile after 1945,

but never reconnected. it kept the not notes that someone filled out to look osborne m god coin with through successful novel, the artificial silk girl, fox, vermont. she lived in germany after 1945 and so as an impoverished officer and continue to publish a book because i know the times that they weren't in demand. and i'm more left to advise that because of these authors had become largely marginal and i divide in my united the best to be able to visit in what has happened to the nazi both for an x had not occurred to me at the vince did not soon as i said, if it had not been for national socialism scheme had, if it had not been for the burning of books, the cultural diversity and innovated spirit of germany in the 1920s would certainly have continued in thoughts on end because had to buy the flop through this, them on i looked to the united states, i saw the hollywood to the actors and directors who worked their house speed quits long. for example, an immigrant from germany on cliffs long by 65. i'm indigent or flesh last night or

in science in albert einstein who went into exxon. but i'm for social scientists like to do, i don't know. also left the united states po to add on or off. and you find you can start like you were american universities in american cultural institutions. the influx of immigrants from germany was a huge benefit. that's what else on that end because that's what they are still reaping these benefits. and i would say that we have not yet recovered from that loss and what it meant for germany, i'm the ones uh, beside the new stuff would be almost hard on you said what took you to place with a lot to flood and soil literature. high, modern literature not to not, and of course the national socialist kitch, completely boring stuff. and people didn't actually read it. it is hold on for just a glance of when, when i'm in the medicine where they burn books, they will ultimately burn human beings as well. that's what the words on this memorial plaque say. well it's 10 by 100 kind of a gentleman. choose code of the 19th century of cause the nazis burnt his books too

. not so that by end of 1933, the nazis burned books in 1938, the synagogues were burned. and in 1942, 43 during the show of to get the genocide of the european jewish father. people were very much and then i will pay some you wouldn't find, mention the nazis did not invent book burnings over the course of christianity. those books and people who were born and she lived books burned after puts in 1973, and in 2022, and the us books were also burned away. when you hear about the book burnings in tennessee, in 2022, a passport bern, terry puts on twilight volumes. why? that's all the discussions about banning books from school libraries in florida. what do you think them to taking? and sorry, the 1st thing you can go to,

like i would not compare such individual actions with the historical context of major book burnings, and how many i hear on may 10th alone books were burned in 22 places in germany, upon these actions of which you speak, there was also a burning of the koran in sweden by right wing extremists that one could seeking which of course should be condemned reading. these are actions by individuals or groups, explain this thing, but they are not actions fact by public authorities and board police agency was at least for when they can provide and what i've often pretty fast and expanding to using something like that could happen in too many to when we on, on the funding for our let's say our values in every place and then in total run a non demo credit ready because came into power is clear, it could happen on every plays also,

or also in germany. what can each and every one of us do to prevent that standard? and yes, say something, have the courage to say something the

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