the secret lives of the inside stops may 22nd on d w, the rising global temperatures have a direct impact on food security. according to the world food program, we're a witness and an unprecedented food crisis. now over 700 a to 1000000 people around the world of festing, conic hung up. welcome to equal africa. i m sandra holmes, that we, nobody will write to you in comp, hello, uganda to diversify and food sources and agriculture. production techniques is one way of ensuring safe and held the food for everyone of chris islands. coming

to you from lagos, nigeria, good to have you with us. here's what's coming up. why mushrooms up big business and rhonda how to reduce the environmental impact of phone line, shop it and house to children now learning satisfaction of growing deal road food. while we start the show on the south african coast jelly fish have been striving for millions of years and are among the oldest leaving animals on the planet while even though they've been around for so long, they're surprisingly little research into these. let's save marine creatures. now, scientists to try to find out more about them and the critical role to play in ocean. because systems jelly fish are among foods oldest inhabitants,

mass occurrences known as blooms of jelly. fish happened roughly every 10 years, but in some regions, like allowing them to be in coast, they seem to occur more frequently. but it's hard to get dr. jelly fish through with the current which makes them difficult to accurately record such invasions are usually the result of environmental conditions which lead to a drop in the number of predators. at the same time that can be facilitated by an increase in temperature. you can increase the temperature, these things will grow foster. you dropped the concentrations of oxygen that will affect fission negatively, but it doesn't affect jelly fish. the jelly fish will bribing areas the fish of being forced to events. the invasion has not yet hit south africa. chris lewis is a jelly fish expert who is familiar with the species in the waters off cape town. so far, 20 spaces, a note here such as the freely mouth jelly and the poisonous fox jelly fish.

researches are only now beginning to understand the role that these invertebrates play in the marine ecosystem. they're not only supposed to indicate the spaces to show us when it goes system is out of whack. but they also play be important at all . that's a pace pcs, as well as criticism notion, and because genuine companies does the actually lock up a lot of carbon into the ocean and we literally fish die. they actually sink to the bottom of the sea floor. and then the following season with the wind induced operating that new things get to be used for by the effect of like me in order to grow in stock that cycle back again. there's a lot more to learn about to species diversity to verena ross has spent just over a decade, studying jelly fish together with other scientists. she wants to build a database of the different types found off the south african coast to determine whether there are any changes in the numbers. but it's a huge task. it gets small, but 6 issue. we expect the tissue, we get to be in a, out of the tissue and all the tissues, this little solution. fold it in

a. what we then do is we sequence it in a and we look at what spaces we are seeing based on the d. n. a and what i can say is we are see many, many new things coming up from our collections. we've only maybe worked through about 10 percent of our collections. and already we are discovering many, many new species. and so this has been very exciting, but the more the researches understand about jamie fish types and the numbers, the better they can determine changes in the population. and carly them with climatic conditions. can you fish certainly seem to feel at home here as the coast of south africa is one of the most species reaching the world. around 10 percent of all jelly fish is live here, and many can be seen at the cape town aquarium. each species has its own peculiarities, with some only living in cold water, others in warm chris lewis is responsible for breeding them. it's a complex and difficult task. each bases has its own parameters. so while they're creating up subspace is one to the in warm or cold with a specific period of time,

a diet shift. we have some really appreciate you as a genius issue. we actually have to produce enough to push in order to feed them that also some databases aren't very long left. they left for 6 months or 9 months . so it was nice to have this done by about system where we actually get a use pieces to replace the ones that actually expiring on exhibits as well as the flow in the banks. the ocean is really good at keeping the junior per se, but as the jelly fish growing in the tanks, we actually have to adjust the flow. so that can go up to many possibilities, become very misshapen and actually die and finish because of that. many people are fascinated by these aquatic dinosaurs or few of them, because many j, the fish are poisonous. although only a few species are dangerous to humans. some jelly fish also contain highly erotic acid and important nutrients like protein. making them popular food in asia, but they're not on the menu in south africa, yet instead of scientists,

you hope to better understand the role of jelly fish within them or re ecosystem. and how it's affected by climate change. from one agency create show to another of you ever heard of the term keystone species? well, it's an old, there's a that helps hold up ecosystem to give a waste. as a one example, not a ride crease. they are known as ecosystem easy is because they help create new hub thoughts for other species. and they also minimize the impact of climate change. calling me as they are oysters are real popular is so we need to protect them. this oyster and these muscles along with scallops and clamps of our buyouts ocean creatures with 2 attached shells. fossil records place their age over 500000000 years old before the dinosaurs and they are found everywhere from the arctic to the

antarctic. to the equator, they start out tiny, floating to the water. oysters and muscles attach themselves to an underwater surface to grow what clams buried themselves in sand. they come in all different shapes and sizes too. they used to be so plentiful that they were given out is free bar snacks. but over fishing cost populations to decrease. about 85 percent of shelby race worldwide. samuel, heidi all the way did her ph. d on the history of oysters and muscles. we've had this extreme loss of a highly productive habitat. so many places in the world and people didn't even know that it had happened. the more we learned about how valuable they are to ecosystems, the more devastating this loss because that's because they do some incredible stuff and all the hanging out in the water wherever they grow. they're busy cleaning

because the majority of by valves are filter feeders. they filled the water and sketch particles, things at the borders. so feed on those particles, surrogate cats of research to muscles or controlling eco system of the great lakes in the united states. you can imagine a muscle sitting at the bottom of the lake, maybe in 200. if me those depths. you imagine that the want to call them 200 meters above the muscle. that single muscle can cycle that call them a florida in a couple of hours, they use whatever particles they need to grow and excrete the rest in the form that bacteria on the bottom can break down. as you can see on the left, the filter chemicals necessary for plants and animal growth, phosphorus and nitrogen of these chemicals are present an agricultural run out from fertilizers and can cause toxic algo blooms at high levels. by them is also felt in more than just chemicals. pilot projects are using them to clean lakes and oceans

of micro plastics. tiny plastic particles, hard to see and collect the bivalves, absorb the small ones. in larger particles are excluded and feast, which can then be taken out of the water. so we can use these animals to clean up polluted water bit in a closed environment, they can alter the whole eco system. that's what the researchers discovered in the great lakes. the muscles are native to this area and have cleared the water of nutrients to well, it was quite a realization they figured out the muscles, the left of the bottom of the lake have this much effect on the biology of the entire in open ocean. it's a different story here. muscles and oysters can form re able to support whole eco systems. oysters are particularly good at this. overtime researchers grow bigger and bigger and they are very complex. katie motion

works with a 1000000000 oyster project which aims to restore 1000000000 oysters to new york harbor by 2035. as the oyster reese grow ocean plants attached to them, which attracts small fish and other animals to become a nursery and a feeding ground. for all different kinds of organize and so hundreds of other species fish, crafts, little tiny benting organisms will make their home and always survey these. reese also support of the larger animals. a study of new zealand muscle. reeves found over 10 times as many phishing of them and see horses have returned to the oysters in new york harbor. their benefits also extend beyond the structures themselves. lowest rates of doing is actually protecting the integrity of the world a h. i. system. when a powerful wave comes in from the ocean and hits an oyster read, some of the energy is broken off and lost. meaning the ways that passed that re art

is damaging near the shore. this protect fragile coastal eco systems like c grasses, which function of the nurseries for ocean animals. and as carbon sinks, less wave energy also means less coastal erosion. and these eco system benefits can also come from farms if they're sustainably managed. the muscles inside in the system is very beneficial. most of the day works muscle farmers in south africa to make sure their operations are sustainable as possible. sustainable fishing practices. for example, trying to ensure that the minimize co interrogations and attendance protected species, muscles are hung from ropes suspended in the water. the animals could become trapped in thought the roots, properly anchored, it's extremely red. this happens the also trying to ensure that their muscle fox themselves cannot have an impact on the basic heavy test that they will paint over

in a closed environment like this day, excuse me, from the muscles could cover the ocean floor. so platforms are rotated to make sure they don't overwhelm ecosystems. bible farms require no feet and no antibiotics as they get everything they need from the water rope, chrome muscles have a carbon footprint and 0.25 kilograms per cubic. for comparison, beef is around a 100 kilograms per kilo. and unlike other method, just use the direction waste products from muscles and oysters can be used in a circular way. how much but who we can use now that we can use it says types of each uh, extra uses the lift, the shells. it should be mico kenny composed of them as building material. the shells also sequester carbon fiber, just pull up from the water and use it to grow their shops. crushed up the shelves can be added to concrete instead of limestone. but the best use for the shells is the simplest. growing more by valves old shelves are often were used for farming,

but can also go to restoration projects where the shellfish are left in the water instead of eating. these projects are springing up around the world from australia to new york city. and we've collected almost 2000000 pounds or shell already. the shows are cleaned and placed in cages. resource or cages are put into shipping containers that we've converted into a way to set oyster alarm high onto shell. add water from the harbor, then some larvae. and after a week, there are babysitters, the cages are then moved into the harbor. as the oyster reef grows, it creates an ecosystem. well also benefit in people on shore. we can expect a ton of fish that had to the boys to raise to be added to the brain environment of 3 or restoration devices. so one more bible is generally main cleaner waters. the positive impact of muscles and oysters can be doubled through circular uses for

their shops. and of all of them, always true to the super heroes filtering, sheltering, protecting, and restoring. that's why we should be doing everything we can to put more of them in our waters. there is one thing, but we can all do. that means we never have to worry about the cost of the cost of fruits and vegetables. you know, next report we visit a school right to in uganda where the young students are. we've also seen plastic to grow their own food fresh and they get into the seat with phoenix and the coverage into that keeps you into bed. and for all of the young farmers of said kizzy to high school are successful the produce from their school farm is used to feed their entire student population. the students at the school on the outskirts of compiler,

already grilled vegetables, such as cabbages, raised chickens, and farm little fish. no, they're collecting waste plastic bottles that they use to build a practical gardens at various farms. and to make the most, the remaining growing space. use it helps us in the way that we plant a lot of different plants we need. we have this come always need um we have the tomatoes, the tv, you know, if you have a small environment the to them, some of us have poor above ground. but to these it can help as in the way it takes leave a space. one bottle building has a rooftop garden with mushroom cultures and waste caught in husks for soil. inside the harvested mushrooms are sliced and dried for storage. this is cynthia. i'm going to call way of using our spacing to invite them into web by we're trying to

avoid all the different for us. got down that you can choose day. we don't want this environment anymore. we have to add of it and have come up with solution. through the projects, the students are learning innovative, eco friendly and sustainable. growing practices to be self sufficient to guarantee a healthy diet. from uganda we had to run to with fond lose, so also called subbing thing mushrooms bought on a bigger scale than those school children. we just met and they believe fund guy are the opposite to many of the was problems. who were the sold will demand is definitely growing. and most true farming is quickly becoming one of the most of the creative agriculture, elective attorneys in africa. in the adult human interior of face, hans, so my gumbo at least is cultivating across that could help improve food security in rwanda waste and mushrooms mazda in the economy. and give

you a hint that every whom you did a whole lot and have been cultivated mushrooms for 5 years, did a robot mean? see the rapid growth set them apart from other crops? when i get a retain $9.15 days after cultivation, the mushrooms are ready for sale. well, when i think it is, i'm, is that done? well, i mean, with other crops you often have to wait 5 to 6 months before they can be harvested . but i'll get you over to them. we love with mushrooms and generating revenue within just 2 weeks. you it's in the we have many advantages over all that crap. oh yeah. yeah. no, that's not behind on any. you have to be in that to one of them. was that a real gun on those semi gumbo every sclerosis mushrooms in rugal, rama village. one of 15 villages supported by key gully funds. it's trained around $700.00 small. hold the phone this on top. the hot specially built which the pharmacies for free. it also provides them with production and commercialization

assistance. the social enterprise was set up by loan dom link in 2010. previously, he ran a micro brewery in new york, but he wanted to move to africa to do something sustainable with the community impact. and then inspiration hit. as the book got closed and i see them running home mushrooms going to help save the world. and i thought, yeah, that's, that's too much, you know, how can help them and how can mushroom save the world. but i started reading the book and it was very quickly convinced that mushrooms are, it is incredible organisms that can do a lot of good things. if you, you know, if you use them in the right way, they can be good for people's health. you're very healthy to eat a very nutritious. they can be very good for the environment because they have a tendency to recycle organic matter into something useful. the economic conditions in rwanda are ideal for the cultivation of several varieties of mushrooms and the crop is an ideal solution to one of the problems. the country

faces its growing population which currently numbers around to 14000000 and the limited availability of arable land, which encompasses some 1400000 heck to as this indicates that our current land resources may not advocacy and show of who security for all citizens and in the future, however, we shall still seems viable solutions for some mushrooms play, a significant role in the settle up by your economy. it solves issue of negative effects that are cropping, invested use in the long time. that's because it's used as a substrate for the mushrooms keyvonte. thumbs provide support to local weak farm is when they harvest. and then vice the wheat store, which is then cemented into substrate. the form is used to burn that crap for as a d contributing to at pollution, the countryside is where you find more agriculture ways that can be converted into mushrooms. so we started with that and then 56 years into it. we started with button mushrooms, no budget mushrooms worldwide is the number one,

commercial mushrooms everywhere. it's 90 percent of the of the cultivated mushroom around the world, but it was 0 in rwanda. and it's very, very low in africa. requiring minimal inputs in terms of costs, land and labor mushroom funding is benefiting local communities here in rwanda, as well as helping decrease emissions and improve soil quality of the my passions and mushroom plumbing stems from the many benefits it's given me. the clubs showing ma'am is the growing cycle takes around 3 months, but even once it's finished, mushroom substrate was retained residual by the food and we can use it as high quality mendoza, which is ideal for various crowds, especially vegetables. so the harvest is good for food and level as a menu say, how much back to the on the slides is which the great and the soil comments and the

crew and how to work with joe, with the vocal folds, to be what small mushrooms are increasingly seen as an affordable, unhealthy food, and a much more environmentally friendly source of protein than meets instead of having your hamburger with beef in it, you could have a vegetarian burger with the, with the mushroom and it, that's just as delicious, much healthier for you. and the shelter for the planets, the mostly informing fits well with the rwandan government's plans to make agriculture claim it smells. what did you say do we didn't go easy to design because only 2 teeth? what could i weigh him to integrate climate smart agriculture into agriculture policy go to do with along with the teachers will promote sustainable lighting, environmentally friendly farming methods. we aim to support all forms of agriculture or funding generate organic, fertilize us. this approach not only aids in combating the impacts of climate change, but also diversifies our reliance would be on mushrooms. you wouldn't have doing

any reasonable for. so what i'm going to need to do the meeting that we could meet today, the way with its many benefits to the environment. mushroom funding is helping rwanda meet its target of reducing greenhouse gas emissions by nearly 40 percent by the end of the decades. believe it or not mushroom. so we're also being used as a basis for a sustainable alternative to plastic pocket to box urgently needed as online shopping continues to boom. the packaging problems get worse and worse. next story takes us to remediate in eastern europe. we have one spot to help came up with another we consume as can keep buying online without added to the waste problem, the new order online. and a few days later, the mailman brings everything right to your doorstep. the boxes that pile up are necessary evo. ringback because nature of a,

some of them all these boxes make the home look so messy. request someone to put, we felt that needed to change the curriculum. and we came up with the idea of developing the best packaging solution. audit bought the mean gradient. the late last year, a global parcel shipping volume amounted to over 161000000000 parcels. it takes 2 kilos of what to produce one kilo of packaging paper. and that means a lot of trees has failed to make those parcels adina who most start up designed a returnable packaging solution that can be reused up to $500.00 times to a consumer shopping online can opt for environmental the friends the packaging with just one click the once the packaging has been removed, its return to the courier and sent back a service for which customers pay extra from

our little online customer, i want to have returnable packaging. yeah. and different things that if that's the challenge for the startup is finding as many companies as possible to take part in the system. this large online bookseller with branches throughout bucharest is already on board the, the, the normal cardboard. packaging is wasteful. we don't want to put more cardboard on the market, it usually ends up in landfill. assume that the adina who my hopes that more and more online shoppers will opt for returnable, re usable packaging. not on one. yeah. we were mainly and still have a lot of catching up to the one site and we need to educate the public or for use we had to explain the difference between reusing and recycling. but we kept tied to it. now people understand how the conservation of results is, what if,

if you have the percent menu, the european union's green deal plans on making the you climate neutral by 2015 a. do you know who my things recreates? returnable packaging solution is a highly promising one. she just wishes she'd have the idea sooner. that states for vase which show all the vault climate slots, solutions for fighting for the security of protected the planets, curriculums. and it's good bye for v a nigeria, the end i am the son druck holmes, that we nobody will sign and go from you. gunter. thank you for joining us on the do check out our equal offical online platforms from all good stories. right? to us are equal out d, w dot com. see you again very soon. the,

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this is be the is coming to live from berlin. last to heard in rough uh, the explosions in the city and southern gaza come just hours after it. israel's army told residents to evacuate. but it's not clear who is behind. the blasts also coming up, trying to as president, makes his 1st trip to europe in 5 years. she's in pain, is in france for talks with president mccall. the leaders will try to hire no trade tensions and discuss the wars in ukraine and the middle east. and child holds presidential elections after 3 years.